Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Mohsen Raji; Saeed Keshavarzi; Mehran Farvardin
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 November 2022
Abstract
A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisted of thousands of sensor nodes to monitor environmental conditions. Energy plays a major role in these networks because nodes are worked with batteries and are sometimes placed in an inconsistent environment where their battery cannot be charged or replaced. ...
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A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is consisted of thousands of sensor nodes to monitor environmental conditions. Energy plays a major role in these networks because nodes are worked with batteries and are sometimes placed in an inconsistent environment where their battery cannot be charged or replaced. In this paper, a new dynamic clustering method is presented for WSNs with moving targets. In this method, target tracking is carried out using the speed and direction of target movement as well as selection of the optimal cluster-head (CH) using the artificial bee colony (ABC) meta-heuristic algorithm with fuzzy TOPSIS. In the proposed CH selection method, three criteria are considered; i.e. the remaining energy of the node, the cost of selecting each node as the CH, and the risk of hardware failure of each node. Since each of these criteria should be assigned with a suitable weight, ABC optimization algorithm is used to find the best weights for ranking decisions. After specifying the objective function in the ABC algorithm and weighting the criteria, fuzzy TOPSIS algorithm is used and each of the nodes is fuzzified in each of the criteria that are normalized and weighted. The results show that in addition to maintaining the accuracy of tracking the moving target, the proposed method achieves a 5.4% improvement in network energy consumption in comparison with a state-of-the-art method called EEAC.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Bello Kontagora Nuhu; Olayemi Olaniyi; Dauda Aji Idris; Chinedu Onyema
Volume 6, Issue 1 , February 2020, , Pages 25-32
Abstract
Carbon Monoxide (CO) is the most abundant air pollutant gas and accumulates rapidly to dangerous concentrations even in areas that seem to be well ventilated. Carbon monoxide detectors/alarm systems exist but people who are old, hearing impaired, partially sighted or heavy sleepers may not get the warning ...
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Carbon Monoxide (CO) is the most abundant air pollutant gas and accumulates rapidly to dangerous concentrations even in areas that seem to be well ventilated. Carbon monoxide detectors/alarm systems exist but people who are old, hearing impaired, partially sighted or heavy sleepers may not get the warning or find it difficult to wake up and get out in the event of dangerous concentration of CO in their homes. This paper presents the development of a smart CO monitoring and control system to control the ventilation in a room when carbon monoxide concentration is at a level dangerous to human health. The system is comprised of a microcontroller interfaced with CO sensor (MQ-7) and ultrasonic distance sensor (HC-SR04) for CO concentration sampling and window state determination respectively. A third component interfaced with the controller is a DC motor, which accordingly control the window when the concentration of CO is high. A mechanism was provided to ensure that the fan in the room is ON and the window is completely open whenever CO concentration is high to ensure quick restoration of the air quality. Results from the performance evaluation of the system showed that it achieved an average response time of 6 seconds and consumed 321.62mW and 652.82mW of power during sampling and control respectively. The obtained results showed that the system is capable of responding quickly to dangerous concentration of CO, thus a desired attribute of CO monitoring systems hence, can adequately replace the existing systems with less power consumption.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Nguyen-Duy-Nhat Vien; Tri Ngo Minh; Thanh Vu Van
Volume 5, Issue 3 , August 2019, , Pages 161-168
Abstract
This paper studies interference alignment scheme and minimum mean square error (MMSE) improvement in Internet of Things (IoT)-oriented cognitive systems, where IoT devices share the licensed spectrum by cognitive radio in spectrum underlay. Target to manage the inter-tier interference caused by cognitive ...
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This paper studies interference alignment scheme and minimum mean square error (MMSE) improvement in Internet of Things (IoT)-oriented cognitive systems, where IoT devices share the licensed spectrum by cognitive radio in spectrum underlay. Target to manage the inter-tier interference caused by cognitive spectrum sharing as well as ensure an MMSE at receivers, the interference alignment algorithms is proposed. In particular, we focus on the problem of designing the optimal linear pre-coding to minimize the total mean square error while satisfying transmit power constraints. Firstly, we introduce a system model of the downlink IoT-oriented cognitive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system. Secondly, we propose an interference nulling based cognitive interference alignment scheme, and then, the pre-coding and post-coding matrix designs for the primary transceivers to minimum mean square error (MSE), as well as to eliminate the co-channel interference to the primary receivers. We also apply these interference alignment scheme and matrix designs for the secondary links. Finally, the numerical results are used to evaluate performance of the proposed algorithm.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Ojo Jayeola Adaramola; Jamiu Rotimi Olasina
Volume 4, Issue 4 , November 2018, , Pages 209-218
Abstract
Abstract- Communication has become inevitably part of our day to day activities, in academic, business, banking, and other sectors. It has therefore become so important to implement good and efficient communication system. A reference point according to this research is the wireless sensor networking ...
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Abstract- Communication has become inevitably part of our day to day activities, in academic, business, banking, and other sectors. It has therefore become so important to implement good and efficient communication system. A reference point according to this research is the wireless sensor networking (WSN) system, and most important thing in communication is to be free from interference, attenuation, crosstalk, and fading. Any of these factors is a serious problem in communication system. To solve these problems, mobile and fixed nodes networks were considered for efficient operation of WSN when ZigBee technology was employed and designed using the OPNET when certain network parameters: Throughput (bits/s), load (bits/s), and end-to end delay (second) parameters from fixed and mobile networks were compared and considered for smooth operation of WSN that is free from interference, attenuation, crosstalk and fading. The network investigation and performance analysis of fixed and mobile networks were based on tree, star and mesh topologies between the two systems. After considering all the parameters for various analyses, the fixed network was considered the most suitable over the mobile network for WSN.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Mojgan ShariatmadariSerkani; Javad Mohammadzadeh; Mahdi Motalebi
Volume 4, Issue 4 , November 2018, , Pages 229-236
Abstract
Wireless body Area networks (WBANs) include a number of sensor nodes placed inside or on the human body to improve patient health and quality of life. Ensuring the transfer and receipt of data in sensitive data is a very important issue. Routing algorithms should support a variety of service quality ...
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Wireless body Area networks (WBANs) include a number of sensor nodes placed inside or on the human body to improve patient health and quality of life. Ensuring the transfer and receipt of data in sensitive data is a very important issue. Routing algorithms should support a variety of service quality such as reliability and delay in sending and receiving data. Loss of information or excessive data delay can lead to loss of human life. A proper routing algorithm in WBAN networks provides an efficient route with minimum delay and higher reliability for sensitive data. In this context, a routing algorithm, as it is proposed, categorizes patient data into sensitive and non-sensitive. Sensitive packets are transmitted to the destination through the shortest route to have less delay and non-sensitive packets are transmitted from other routes. Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm performs better, in terms of the throughput than the DMQoS and RL-QRP this superiority; as a result, decreases the latency of the end.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Mona Alimardani; Amir Masoud Rahmani; Houman Zarrabi
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November 2017, , Pages 181-188
Abstract
Advances in medical sciences with other fields of science and technology is closely casual profound mutations in different branches of science and methods for providing medical services affect the lives of its descriptor. Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) represents such a leap. Those networks excite ...
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Advances in medical sciences with other fields of science and technology is closely casual profound mutations in different branches of science and methods for providing medical services affect the lives of its descriptor. Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) represents such a leap. Those networks excite new branches in the world of telemedicine. Small wireless sensors, to be quite precise and calculated, are installed in or on the body and create a WBAN that various vital statistics or environmental parameters sampling, processing and radio. These nodes allow independent monitoring of a person's location, in typical environments and for long periods and provide for the user and the medical, offer real-time feedback from the patient's health status. In this article, the introduction of WBAN and review issues and applications of medical sensor networks, to offer a protocol has been established that the threshold for data transmission reduces power consumption on sensor nodes, increasing the lifetime of the network and motion phase to increase the dynamics of the network. The proposed protocol in the network been compared with the SIMPLE and ATTEMPT protocols. Results indicate a significant reduction in energy consumption of sensors to reduce energy consumption the entire network.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Elaheh Radmehr; HASSAN SHAKERI
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November 2017, , Pages 189-194
Abstract
Wireless sensor networks have been widely considered as one of the most important 21th century technologies and are used in so many applications such as environmental monitoring, security and surveillance. Wireless sensor networks are used when it is not possible or convenient to supply signaling or ...
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Wireless sensor networks have been widely considered as one of the most important 21th century technologies and are used in so many applications such as environmental monitoring, security and surveillance. Wireless sensor networks are used when it is not possible or convenient to supply signaling or power supply wires to a wireless sensor node. The wireless sensor node must be battery powered.Coverage and network lifetime are major problems in WSNs so in order to address this difficulty we propose a combinational method consists of fuzzy-logic and genetic algorithms. The proposed scheme detects the coverage holes in the network and selects the most appropriate hole's neighbor to move towards the blank area and compensate the coverage loss with fuzzy-logic contribution and above node new coordinate is determined by genetic algorithm. As fuzzy-logic will be so effective if more than one factor influence on decision making and also genetic algorithms perform well in dynamic problems so our proposed solution results in fast, optimized and reliable output
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Zoleikha Azizi; Kambiz Majidzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 4 , November 2017, , Pages 195-202
Abstract
Considering the great significant role that routing protocols play in transfer rate and choosing the optimum path for exchange of data packages, and further in the amount of consumed energy in the routing protocol, the present study has focused on developing an efficient compound energy algorithm based ...
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Considering the great significant role that routing protocols play in transfer rate and choosing the optimum path for exchange of data packages, and further in the amount of consumed energy in the routing protocol, the present study has focused on developing an efficient compound energy algorithm based on cluster structure which is called active node with cluster structure. The purpose of this algorithm is to distribute the heavy traffic of data and equal load of highly-consumed energy throughout the networks by introducing unequal and unbalanced clusters into the network. In the second stage, the light sensor mechanism which is called active node sensor algorithm has been proposed. The major purpose of this mechanism is to prevent excessive interfering data of sensors through incorporating a set of active nodes in each cluster with a defensive shield near to the incident node. The third stage has aimed at proposing an active node algorithm for complexity of internal and external addressing due to clusters routing in high density distribution based on the values within node range. The obtained results indicate relative success of the design in terms of energy optimization on the basis of routing protocol.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Nafiseh Daneshgar; M. Habibi Najafi; Mohsen Jahanshahi; Ehsan Ahvar
Volume 2, Issue 1 , February 2016, , Pages 1-8
Abstract
Energy consumption is considered as a critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Batteries of sensor nodes have limited power supply which in turn limits services and applications that can be supported by them. An efcient solution to improve energy consumption and even trafc in WSNs is Data Aggregation ...
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Energy consumption is considered as a critical issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Batteries of sensor nodes have limited power supply which in turn limits services and applications that can be supported by them. An efcient solution to improve energy consumption and even trafc in WSNs is Data Aggregation (DA) that can reduce the number of transmissions. Two main challenges for DA are: (i) most DA techniques need network clustering. Clustering itself is a time and energy consuming procedure. (ii) DA techniques often do not have ability to detect intrusions. Studying to design a new DA technique without using clustering and with ability of nding intrusion is valuable. This paper proposes an energy-intrusion aware DA Technique (named EIDA) that does not need clustering. EIDA is designed to support on demand requests of mobile sinks in WSNs. It uses learning automata for aggregating data and a simple and effective algorithm for intrusion detection. Finally, we simulate
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Mehran Pourmohammad Abdollahi; Javad Musevi Niya; Payman Mahmoudi Biroun
Volume 2, Issue 1 , February 2016, , Pages 27-36
Abstract
Designing wireless sensor networks should meet appropriate parameters such as quality of service (QoS) defined by different users. The variable physical conditions of the environment, processing and transmission power limitations and limited communication capabilities are the most important obstacles ...
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Designing wireless sensor networks should meet appropriate parameters such as quality of service (QoS) defined by different users. The variable physical conditions of the environment, processing and transmission power limitations and limited communication capabilities are the most important obstacles that influence QoS parameters such as throughput, delay, reliability and network lifetime. The most important problems that directly have destructive effects on these parameters are hidden and exposed node problems. These problems extremely decrease throughput and increase delay and power consumption in the network. In this paper, we propose a new and efficient method that relies on clustering, grouping and subgrouping strategy to create smaller zones and avoid collisions. By allocating different transmission powers to different nodes depending on their hierarchy level in the network, the mentioned problems decrease and as a result power consumption decreases due to reduction in the retransmissions. This mechanism has been simulated by OPNET on IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Hamid Haj Seyyed Javadi; Mohaddese Anzani
Volume 1, Issue 3 , August 2015, , Pages 33-38
Abstract
Key distribution is an important problem in wireless sensor networks where sensor nodesare randomly scattered in adversarial environments.Due to the random deployment of sensors, a list of keys must be pre-distributed to each sensor node before deployment. To establish a secure communication, two nodes ...
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Key distribution is an important problem in wireless sensor networks where sensor nodesare randomly scattered in adversarial environments.Due to the random deployment of sensors, a list of keys must be pre-distributed to each sensor node before deployment. To establish a secure communication, two nodes must share common key from their key-rings. Otherwise, they can find a key- path in which ensures that either two neighboring nodes have a key in common from source to destination. Com-binatorial designs are powerful mathematical tools with comprehensive and simple structures. Recently, many researchers have used combinatorial designs as key pre-distribution scheme in wireless sensor networks. In this paper we consider a hybrid key pre-distribution scheme based on Balanced Incomplete Block Design. We consider a new approach for choosing key-rings in the hybrid symmetric design to improve the connectivity and resilience. Performance and security properties of the proposed scheme are studied both analytically and computationally. Theobtained results show that our scheme provides better resilience than symmetric design.
Computer Networks and Distributed Systems
Samaneh Nazari Dastjerdi; Hamid Haj Seyyad Javadi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , May 2015, , Pages 39-44
Abstract
Network sensors consist of sensor nodes in which every node covers a limited area. The most common use ofthese networks is in unreachable fields.Sink is a node that collects data from other nodes.One of the main challenges in these networks is the limitation of nodes battery (power supply). Therefore, ...
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Network sensors consist of sensor nodes in which every node covers a limited area. The most common use ofthese networks is in unreachable fields.Sink is a node that collects data from other nodes.One of the main challenges in these networks is the limitation of nodes battery (power supply). Therefore, the use oftopology control is required to decrease power consumption and increase network accessibility.In this paper, a network is modeled by a graph. Each vertex in the graphindicatesa sensor node and the edges display the communication links between them.Changes in the graph show changes in network topology and a different path to the sink.In this research, “fuzzy logic” is used for topology control. As the fuzzy logic utilizes optimized sensing radius comparing with minimum-maximum sensing radius, we expect less dead nodes, more mean residual energy and relatively more load balance in the network. At first, 2-input fuzzy algorithm was chosen. However 3-input fuzzy algorithm was also observed due to reasons explained in the main text. In both algorithms, we haveload balance in network and prolong network lifetime. Unreachable paths are less encountered with higher rates of packet delivery. The final standard deviation (STD) reaches to its minimum level, while the residual energy in sensors remains close to each other.